{"id":"6a75ccda-edd5-4441-88d0-cd03c5a1e9d5","name":"American Stripping Llc","url":"https://citybotmagic.com/us/co/colorado-springs/american-stripping-llc/","api":"https://citybotmagic.com/api/v1/us/co/colorado-springs/american-stripping-llc.json","category":"sandblasting_service","categoryLabel":"Sandblasting Service","group":"services_and_business","groupLabel":"Services & Business","address":"750 Juanita St","city":"Colorado Springs","state":"CO","postcode":"80909","lat":38.8415306,"lon":-104.7751089,"phone":"+17195785952","phoneDisplay":"(719) 578-5952","socials":[],"sources":[{"dataset":"BrightQuery","license":"CDLA-Permissive-2.0","updated":"2026-09-17"}]}